Starbucks Structure

Starbuck’s Structure MGT 330 Jerry Simpson August 20, 2012 We all live in a world or organizations and associations. Our everyday lives are reliant on huge open associations, independent ventures, notable privately owned businesses or even deliberate gatherings. The manners in which these associations are organized changes a great deal and even in a similar business classifications organizations/associations vary a ton. at first began in 1971 as a little structure, run by three accomplices in a little shop in Seattle.By that time the organization at that point was just selling entire bean and ground espresso yet in the wake of assuming control over the activity of Starbucks in 1987, Schultz chose to grow the organization's business, which has now shops all around the globe. In a nonexclusive manner, it is conceivable to state that an associations structure portrays the manner in which errands are isolated regulated, and composed. The first is the size and age. A little and you thful organization as a rule has an extremely basic structure yet multifaceted nature and convention increment with size or age.Then we have the center procedure which must be lined up with structure to stay away from significant disturbances in every day activities. The structure of an association additionally needs to adjust to nature. While a steady structure may be all the more effortlessly tended to with an association with a basic structure, an insecure and tempestuous one will be, definitely, progressively fit to a versatile structure. Systems and objectives represent others goals, structure and procedure must be both adaptable as to modify themselves to change.As for Starbucks, the best basic setup for an organization of this greatness would be a divisional structure. This is because of the huge size of the organization, just as the multi-showcase and multi-item contributions of the Starbucks Corporation. In spite of the fact that it must be noticed that among the numerous s hortcomings of the divisional structure is the duplication of exercises and the potential for counter beneficial, between advertise rivalry for clients. This means Starbucks could wind up contending with themselves basically for clients which is a misuse of resources.This is the reason it is basic for Starbucks to execute the divisional structure as successfully as could be expected under the circumstances. Furthermore, if Starbucks plans to work as effectively as could be expected under the circumstances, they will be best served to use departmentalization by grid (which is utilized by cutting edge firms or global organizations). This makes conditions in which most extreme adaptability and flexibility in activities as could reasonably be expected. Starbucks workers would then must have the option to conform to change and acknowledge some job vagueness as a feature of the day by day schedule. The assignments they take a shot at tend to vary.The just steady would be the employee†™s utilitarian director. This type of departmentalization ought to continue as before for stores offering food items and lunch so as to give shared trait among stores. This makes brand acknowledgment, with respect to the customers, yet in addition with respect to the representatives of the organization also. In that sense we can say that for each structure we can discover fruitful organizations. The stunt seems, by all accounts, to be the parity the director finds between possibility factors and the hierarchical structure through which assets are sent and managed.Moreover, as the consequence of interior or outer changes, each association, regardless of what center orâ type, needs to rebuild at some phase throughout everyday life. Rebuild is in excess of a style, at times, is actually a matter of endurance. Representatives of different organizations manage rebuilding constantly. Starbucks has numerous work openings inside its image and I have decided to talk about the situation of Barista and think of a set of working responsibilities just as employment particulars for the position.Barista Job Description: The Barista position is a basic activity inside the Starbucks association. As a Barista, representatives will be relied upon to: Welcome visitors when the stroll in to the coffeehouse Take the sets of the visitor upon demand Inform visitors of item contributions Inform visitors of advancements Make sure the café is spotless and expertly kept up consistently Responsible for making claim to fame espressos visitors and understanding fixings usedThe Barista is the principal purpose of contact for the visitors of the Starbucks enterprise, so it is fundamental for all Starbucks barista’s to have an uplifting disposition and to work with a grin. References Reilly, M. , Minnick, C. , and Baack, D. (2011). The five elements of compelling administration. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education. Starbucks Facts (2008), Company Fact Sheet, Starbucks Coffee, Retri eved from http://www. starbucks. com/aboutus/Company_Factsheet. pdf Starbucks Corporation. (2009), International, Retrieved November 6, 2009, from http://www. starbucks. com/default. asp?

Title Of Paper 2nd Class Citizens In Greek Society Essays

Title of Paper : second Class Citizens in Greek Society Evaluation Received on Report : 94 All through mankind's history the jobs of ladies and men have been characterized to a limited extent by physiology and to some extent by the mentalities passed on by the individuals who hold force and impact. In antiquated history, social orders were revolved around ladies and the venerating of goddesses. These jobs changed rapidly as chasing and fighting turned out to be progressively increasingly significant and ladies' less amazing body put them in a more vulnerable position. Only preceding the Hellenistic Age, three men composed of their occasions, and of their recognitions, mentalities and thoughts with respect to men, ladies, and human advancement. In Oedipus Rex by Sophocles we get a brief look inside the life and sad adversities of a regal family. Thucydides composed a background marked by the Peloponnesian war, and in his describing of Pericles' Funeral Oration the obligations and advantages of Athenians were uncovered. Plato's The Republic, was a philosophical discourse covering the occasions as they were and how he felt they could be better. In every one of these works t! he jobs of ladies are uncovered through their situation inside the network as well as through the connection of the advantages and rights men delighted in which ladies were denied. During the hour of Sophocles, the Greek populace had an oversimplified existence getting a charge out of a unique existence of celebrations, light remaining tasks at hand and the participation of necessary shows paid for by the state for human upgrade. The Greek populace comprised of free men, free ladies and slaves. Men were at the top of the chain of command getting a charge out of the considerable number of advantages gave by their human progress; association in governmental issues, proprietorship of property, impact, and the opportunity to picked their activities. Ladies then again were principally designated to keeping up and sustaining the appearances of society; care of the home and youngsters, upkeep of assets, and all the more critically upkeep of their spouses notorieties and respect. All through Sophocles' Oedipus Rex the qualities that make a productive member of society (that being a free male) are presented. These incorporate being modest before the divine beings, being liable for your activities while having regard for people and for the guidelines of the divine beings. The desires and jobs of ladies are moreover appeared through the activities of Jocasta the sovereign in examination with the activities of her significant other Oedipus. Jocasta isn't qualified for as much open force as her spouse, her job is out of sight, guiding him secretly and continually minding to keep up his notoriety. She says during one of Oedipus' open upheavals, Into the royal residence now. Furthermore, Creon, you go home. Why make such a stir over nothing?1, while at some other time she compliantly says, ...But do how about we head inside. I'd never disappoint you, least of all in this.2 This powerless and ward view of ladies is confirm significantly more when hearing Oedipus discuss his youngsters to Creon, ... my little girls, my forlorn young ladies, grouping at our table, never without me drifting over them ... deal with them, I ask you.3 He keeps saying to his kids; How I sob for you ...simply thinking about the entirety of your days to come, the sharpness, the existence that unpleasant humankind will push onto you. Where are the open social affairs you can join, the feasts of the families? ...What's more, when you arrive at flawlessness, ready for marriage, who will he be, my darlings? ... Who will wed you at that point? Not a man on earth. Your fate is clear: you'll shrivel away to nothing, single, without a child.4 At the point when Jocasta and Oedipus at long last hear that their destiny has in fact happened, the activities of each are very unique, yet in addition exceptionally characteristic of their point of view jobs. Oedipus takes an amazing position by perpetrating a deep rooted discipline on himself. Jocasta takes the meeker course, by hanging herself she spares herself from the disrespect of living with the information on her pivotal activities, and from the frightfully harsh life she would have being defamed and being compelled to live without a legitimate spouse and supplier. When of the Peloponnesian War, the status of ladies had not changed a lot. In spite of the fact that ladies were permitted to possess some measure of property, the day by day the executives of that

Global Business Strategy 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Worldwide Business Strategy 2 - Essay Example All things considered, this furnished Dr Reddy Labs with a conspicuous cost advantage with the turn of events and advancement of new medications just as setting up the framework that would have the option to contend on a worldwide scale and furnish pharmaceutical markets far and wide with high characteristics and high amounts of conventional medications. As a methods for dissecting the general quality, key position, crucial instruments at the removal of the firm, system, standpoint, history, and viewpoint for the firm being referred to, this investigation will look to give an editorial on every one of these focuses. By methods for starting its mechanical beginning as an essential provider of Indian and Russian pharmaceutical industry, Dr Reddy Labs had the option to spare a huge measure of cash that would some way or another be required to cause the labs to qualify under FDA guidelines. Along these lines, the firm had the option to start producing a constant flow of income while looking to center providing existing markets and buyers while limiting the necessities to bounce straightforwardly into the more nuanced US as well as European markets. Hence, scarcely any organizations promptly enter the pharmaceutical market because of the disgustingly significant expense of passage related with the entirety of the norms that such firms try to meet inside the starting periods of organization activity (Hopper 2003). When a strong balance was set up inside Indian and universal markets for both nonexclusive medications, Dr. Reddy Labs moved to looking to infiltrate the market for over the counter medicati ons in both Europe and the United States. This would fill in as the primary raid into the US advertise; a market which as per the examination that has been used to advise this piece represents over half of the whole world pharmaceutical market. This continuous way to deal with passage into the US advertise implied that the firm had the option to keep on creating a high number of deals from the key markets that contributed basically to their

Business Statistics Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Provide two potential purposes behind why the Queensland government chose to let the mining organization screen itself. Use case material to show your contentions. 2.Provide three potential ways for the Queensland government to reinforce their dynamic. Use case material to Illustrate your arguments.3.Provide three Issue related factors in moral dynamic to disclose the inhabitants reluctance to act against the mine organization. Use case material to represent your contentions. 4.Give two Examples of how Xstrata can advance Ethical Decision Making in the mine as a Workplace. Use case Material to Illustrate your contentions. 5.What kind of Qualitative research would you embrace? Use case Material to Illustrate your contentions. 6.What would be the Disadvantages of the Chosen Method? Use case Material to Illustrate your contentions. Answers: 1.The explanations for the legislature not having an essential promise to the issue of the organization contaminating the earth are on the grounds that the undertaking is a more prominent donor offering numerous neighborhood individuals of Mount Isa employments. The organization additionally has established frameworks to decrease contamination by evacuating poisons in the Mount Isa River and undertakings expected to lessen contamination. The supervisor of the organization contends it has the most broad framework in Australia. Be that as it may, the administration has the obligation to direct the business as opposed to letting it deal with its emanation as it might be one-sided (Crane, Matten, Spence, 2008). 2.Carry out serious research on the grievances that local people realize the lead emanations and the obligations of the organization to settle on better choices on the means to take. Counsel when settling on a choice and take into contemplations the finding of different analysts as opposed to contending they are unmerited to cover a circumstance they are unmistakably mindful it is hazardous. Be moral in settling on choice to shield the individuals from any damage. It is unscrupulous for them to permit the organization pulverize the lives of the individuals paying little mind to the commitments to the economy. Firms have a commitment to moderate the earth (Weber, 2008, pp. 247-261). 3.Negligence The discoveries uncover that the territories are undependable for individuals to live however they contend that this are bogus as some have lived there for a long time with no impacts. Laborers don't know about careful steps, and they wash their overalls at homes like Jeffrey expanding the disease rates. Vehicles from the mine leave when they are dusty, and this builds contamination Numbness The people are numbness of the way that there is contamination; they couldn't care less as long as the impacts are not influencing their lives. The individuals are just thinking about the budgetary advantages they get from the organization in view of livelihoods. Louise Armstrong, an indigenous occupant, doesn't accept lead contamination and couldn't care less to test his kids. The organization had not begun mining, so there was no introduction previously. Reliance on the venture. The individuals rely upon the organization both legitimately and in a roundabout way for endurance. The organization has utilized 4000 individuals, and 5000 depend on it in a roundabout way. These variables make the individuals incapable to act against the organization as it is the wellspring of their day by day wages. 4.Control contamination of the organization to the earth. The facts confirm that the organization is observing its discharges as Ed Turley, the organization's ecological chief notes yet it appears that something isn't right or smoke screens among the concerned gatherings. Research discoveries by Northern Territory's Charles Darwin University, Niels Munksgaard and Mark Taylor, of Sydney's Macquarie University, demonstrated that the mine was creating significant levels of lead that different spots like Romania and Japan yet their discoveries were overlooked. The guardians who are casualties like Powe are expected as well, however the reality remains that the organization is making more mischief the individuals than great (Trevino, Nelson, 2010). Assume liability and repay the youngsters who have been survivors of the lead harming in Mount Isa. Brenda Oliver and her significant other, Jeffrey go to the zone to search for greener fields, yet the lead outflow made their 13yr old child Ryan have learning and social challenges. Daphne Hare additionally came to work, yet her girl Stella recorded elevated levels of lead of 17mcg/dl and could much of the time become ill. She chose to sue the gatherings required before coming back to her old neighborhood. This point to the shades of malice of the organization regardless of no activities taken to remunerate the families for the damages they caused (De George, 2011). 5.I would reviews and questionaries to get data from the individuals. The two strategies would empower me to get data from the individuals even the individuals who dread to roar in fears of losing their positions. In this manners, genuine data will be acquired (Taylor, Bogdan, DeVault, 2015). 6.Surveys and polls may restrict the scope of information I got from the respondents making the exploration not helpful. The respondents might be hesitant to give total data on its dread being utilized against them on the off chance that it jumps on unapproved people (Hoonakker, Carayon, 2009, pp.348-373). References Crane, A., Matten, D., Spence, L. J. (Eds.). (2008).Corporate social duty: Readings and cases in a worldwide setting. London: Routledge. De George, R. T. (2011).Business morals. Pearson Education India. Hoonakker, P., Carayon, P. (2009). Poll review nonresponse: An examination of postal mail and web surveys.Intl. Diary of HumanComputer Interaction,25(5), 348-373. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to subjective research techniques: A manual and asset. John Wiley Sons. Trevino, L. K., Nelson, K. A. (2010).Managing business morals. John Wiley Sons. Weber, M. (2008). The business case for corporate social duty: An organization level estimation approach for CSR.European Management Journal,26(4), 247-261.

Customs Administration Of Australian International Trade - Samples

Question: Talk about the Customs Administration Of Australian International Trade. Answer: Customarily customs has been answerable for the execution of various strategies under the specialists of government offices. In such manner, the job of regulatory traditions has well changed as of late and in this way so as to manage the issues of exchange activities the custom specialists are depended with different commitments. In this way so as to give proper clarification to the progressions made by a traditions organization to improve the degree of consistence and the degree of help a reference of a diary article has been given Widdowson, D., Blegen, B., Kashubsky, M., Grainger, A. (2014). Audit of certify administrator plots: an Australian study.World Customs Journal,8(1), 17-34. The previously mentioned article is appointed to look at the presentation of a change made the traditions organization of Australian worldwide exchange and transport industry so as to improve level of consistence and level of help. In such manner, the traditions organization have presented Accredited Operator (AO) plans which have been executed to limit consistence costs and the expenses of help so as to guarantee compelling working of ventures tasks within the sight of worldwide rivalry. In such manner it is essential to make reference to here that the change presented by the managerial traditions by presenting the Accredited Operator (AO) conspire end up being advantageous in tending to the issues identified with security and administrative tasks of exchange offices (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). In any case, it is important that so as to improve help, the business organizations everywhere throughout the globe have been actualizing different changes and plans so as to give se curity to worldwide gracefully chains which encourages the activity of real exchange. It merits referencing that by executing the AO plans the private divisions could undoubtedly oversee compliances and administrative duties (Feiyi, 2014). Along these lines, the AO programs have been productive in keeping up a nearby connection between the operational controllers and the business by reflecting reciprocal responsibility in ad libbing both administrative consistence and assistance levels. It is apparent that undertakings go into organization understandings by giving significant data about their administrative system and exchanges to build up fitting consistence and help levels (Han McGauran, 2014). In this unique circumstance, these business activities require the help of a different program so as to guarantee quick working of their frameworks (Freund 2016). In this way because of this explanation the AO conspire has made extraordinary effect in assessing the degree of consistence. At times the specialists of authoritative traditions tries to encourage the production of a domain which would be gainful for the organizations in amplifying their privileges by agreeing to the necessities of exchange (Freund, 2016). In this way the Accredited Operator proposed by the traditions chairman of Australian worldwide exchange and transport industry has made great effect in the guidelines of exchange. In such manner, the AO programs gave the exchanging organizations a chance to accomplish clearness and sureness in assessing the liabilities and privileges which are related with exchange tasks (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). Along these lines the AO plans permitted the exchanging firms to carry on business activities without dreading any snag from any administrative bodies in instances of exchanges and recouping assistance costs. The Revised Kyoto Convention has encouraged exchange rehearses by disentangling the techniques and practices of Customs. Consequently, the Revised Kyoto Convention has given effective gauges and practices so as to adapt up to the cutting edge methods of Customs (Tudor, 2014). Be that as it may if universal exchanging specialists wishes to turn into an individual from the Revised Kyoto Convention then such contracting party will undoubtedly acknowledge the standards delineated in such show (Turner, 2015). The standards as referenced in the Kyoto Revised Convention which are applicable to the progressions made by the traditions organization are- The straightforwardness and consistency of the Customs activities. The important control on Customs to guarantee effective consistence with the guidelines of exchange. Coordinated mediations with the universal fringe offices. The progressions encouraged by other universal show can be accentuated. The Customs Authority of Canada planned the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency to dole out administrative obligations to the exchanging firms request to reflect government needs (Tudor, 2014). The recently framed Canada Border Service Agencies (CBSA) was depended with the duty of examining into issues identified with national security, crisismanagement and food review and movement (Turner, 2015). In such manner, it very well may be expressed that as of late with an expansion in worldwide rivalry two unique traditions organizations will not play out similar capacities. In Hong Kong because of the presence of free port arrangements much accentuation is laid on the order of tax and valuation which are applicable to the Department of Customs and Exercise (Han McGauran, 2014). The U.S Customs and Border Protection were started by the U.S Customs organization so as to include intimately with the exercises of worldwide e xchange to improve the security frameworks of their gracefully chains (Feiyi 2014). In such manner, others changes can be recommended which depend on the progressions made by the Customs organizations. It merits expressing that the universal exchanging networks have attempted positive measures to limit government intercession (Biljan, 2014). It very well may be seen that as of late, the administration mediation has expanded has step by step expanded in business exchanges which broadly influenced the help of exchange (Han McGauran, 2014). Consequently, it is significant with respect to the global to limit the impedance of government exercises however much as could be expected. In present day period with the changing desires for the global exchanging network, the exercises represented the issues of business real factors (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). In this manner it very well may be recommended that the worldwide exchanging networks ought to present least expensive, most straightforward and solid strategies so as to fare and import products in a brief timefram e. Along these lines the traditions organizations would have the option to bargain productivity with the administration arrangements and the association of the legislature would be negligible. References: Biljan, J. A. (2014). Great administration in Customs: the instance of the Republic of Macedonia. In Corporate Governance (pp. 101-115). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Feiyi, W. (2014). Strategy,Strategic Management and Customs Strategic Management: A Conception of Analytical Framework [J]. Diary of Customs and Trade, 1, 002. Freund, C. (2016). Other New Areas: Customs Administrations and Trade Facilitation, Anticorruption, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, and that's only the tip of the iceberg. Evaluating the Trans-Pacific Partnership, 2, 16-4. Han, C. R., McGauran, R. (2014). Following path: Implications of duty data trade programs for customs organizations. World Customs Journal, 8(2), 3-13. Petersone, M., Krastins, A. V., Ketners, K. (2015). Improvement of arrangement of state income administration execution pointers. Financial Science for Rural Development, 190. Tudor, F. (2014). Job of Customs and Border Cooperation in Fighting the Terrorism Financing and Funding Proliferation. Public square Int'l J. Jurid. Sci., 181. Turner, R. (2015). Hindrances to customs section at the hour of catastrophe in creating nations: moderating the postponement of life-sparing materials. World Customs Journal, 9(1), 3-14. Widdowson, D., Blegen, B., Kashubsky, M., Grainger, A. (2014). Survey of licensed administrator plots: an Australian study.World Customs Journal,8(1), 17-34.

7 Books About Comics, Their Form, And Why We Love Em So Much

7 Books About Comics, Their Form, And Why We Love Em So Much Whether you’re new to comics or a long-standing fan you might be interested in the enormous number of books about comics out there, whether about the comics form, how it functions, why it works and why it is the perfect way in which to tackle genres such as autobiography. The list below is not exhaustive, but I have chosen six books about comics and one collection that you might find interesting as you start to explore the world of comics studies. I urge you to begin, as I do, with Scott McCloud’s Understanding Comics and then follow from there according to your own particular interests! Happy reading! Scott McCloud â€" Understanding Comics I’m going to start off with Scott McCloud’s Understanding Comics because it is a classic for good reason. McCloud uses the comic form to brilliant effect to pull apart the structure of comics, how they work and why they can be such an effective way to communicate complex ideas and emotions. McCloud takes time to define exactly what could and should be described as a comic and the way in which the form of his text reflects its content helps bring his arguments to life. Read this: if you’d like a fun, visually engaging read that helps you start to pull apart the way in which comics function. Jeet Heer and Kent Worcester â€" A Comics Studies Reader This edited collection of essays, articles and extracts from longer books is a brilliant place to start if you want to read a range of approaches to the construction of comics. Heer and Worcester bring together writings about some of the earliest comics (Rodolphe Topffer) with offerings about more contemporary texts by creators such as Chris Ware. It isn’t confined to texts about comics from the United States either, including sections on Manga, Mexican Comics and European texts. Read this: if you want to read about a range of different approaches to how comics are created and explore a little more about their cultural significance over the past 150 years. Ann Miller â€" Reading Bande Dessinée I have to admit that Francophone comics are my particular favourites and this introduction to the history and study of French comics or bandes dessinées, is excellent. Miller touches on the history of the form, the emergence of comics studies as a field and addresses a number of different theoretical ways in which to address comics as objects of study. Read this: if you’re into French language comics or would like to see the enormous number of ways in which comics can be read, analysed and used to gain insight into specific moments in time. Will Eisner â€" Comics and Sequential Art This book came about as a result of Eisner’s frustration at not being able to find books for his teaching that focused on the theoretical aspects of comics. Many of the essays within began life as articles for The Spirit and he brought them together as a single volume in 1985. It can feel a bit dated in places but its still worth reading. Read this: if you’d like to see what the man who coined the term  Graphic Novel thought about how a comic is put together. Casey Brienza â€" Manga in America: Transnational Publishing and the Domestication of Japanese Comics Brienza’s book is essential reading for anyone at all interested in manga and the way in which the manga industry functions within the United States. Containing insights into the translation, adaptation and marketing of the form Brienza explores how the popularity of manga within America has had an impact on manga globally. Read this: if you enjoy reading manga  in translation or would like to know more about how this specific part of the comics industry in America functions. Thierry Groensteen â€" The System of Comics Warning, this book is not for the faint hearted. Groensteen’s argument is dense and this can be a slow read. However, it is a fascinating look at one explanation for how comics function as a language in their own right. Groensteen’s text is undeniably influential on the field of comics studies and if you’d like to pick apart the form in even greater detail than proposed by Eisner and McCloud, this might be the book for you. Read this: if you fancy delving in greater detail into the world of comics as a language Elisabeth El Refaie â€"  Autobiographical Comics: Life Writing in Pictures The popularity of autobiographical comics is only increasing and as a particular fan of this genre I really enjoyed El Refaie’s exploration of the narrative patterns, conventions and formal aspects of it. El Refaie explores in some detail the ways in which the form of comics is an ideal way in which to tackle complex questions and issues that arise in the creation of an autobiographical text. Read this: if autobio comics are your thing and you want to think a bit more about why they’re just so perfect. If you read and enjoy any of the books about comics I have recommended please let me know in the comments below. Or if you have any favourite books about comics youd like to recommend  then I would love to hear about them! Check out all of our comics coverage here. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The Stages of Feminine Injustice - Literature Essay Samples

In the well-known work Women and Economics, Charlotte Perkins Gilman emphasizes her belief that dependence on men not only doom[s] women to live stifled lives but also retard[s] the development of the human species (Kirszner 449). Those words support the ideas conveyed in her short story, A Yellow Wallpaper. In this piece, the narrator undergoes three stages: first, she develops a mental illness resulting from the constrictions of a male-dominated society; second, she deteriorates due to a worsening environment; and finally, she reaches a state of insanity. Ironically, it is this final stage that symbolizes her freedom.In the beginning, Gilman reveals how the confinements of a restrictive society induce the narrators illness. In the opening lines, she immediately points out the imbalance in her marriage: there is something queer about [this house]John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in marriage (Gilman 450). The narrator implicitly accepts that her opinions are fri volous, trying to justify her sense that her thoughts are not worthy of her husbands respect. She goes on to demonstrate her husbands dominance in their relationship: There comes John, and I must put this away he hates to have me write a word (451). His domination and her implicit submission emphasize the confinement of her environment. In these two distinct areas, Gilman offers two key assumptions about a patriarchal society: the value of the male mind over the seemingly weak and foolish mindset of the female, and the derivation of power in males, who direct the lives of females. Gilman also stresses the nature of female docility and its strong presence within the conventions of society. Furthermore, her illness originates in her restrictive environment. Critic Ann Lane writes that imaginative women who found themselves with no outlets for their abilities, while in the larger culture opportunities proliferated for ambitious and imaginative men, suffered particularly (467). Lanes analysis implies that the narrators restricted writing and her disregard for her own concerns are the primary causes for her illness. In this first phase, Gilman illustrates the detrimental effects that male dominance can have on female health.The narrators stifling environment furthers the progress of her debilitating disease. In the first stage, we see how harmful she finds her confining surroundings. It is logical to assume that continued confinement will only harm her further. However, John fails to follow this logic. The narrator repeatedly tries to convey her concerns, but is continually discouraged: At first he meant to repaper the room, but afterwards he said that I was letting it get the better of me, and that nothing was worse for a nervous patient than to give way to such fanciesThen he took me in his arms and called me a blessed little goose (Gilman 452). The husband discourages the narrator from letting the wallpaper get the better of her instead of trying to see deeper into her fears, he only disregards them. He forces his opinions and judgments on her while ignoring her needs. Johns disregard is further exemplified by his treatment of the narrator: he calls her a little goose, implying that her fears are insignificant. However, this does not solve the problem, but only forces the narrator to bottle up her feelings. As Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar write, the story is a paradigmatic tale which seems to tell the story that all literary women would tell if they could speak their speechless woe' (464). Literary women are stifled in much the same way as the narrator, and the anxiety she suffers only makes her situation worse. Later, the narrator admits, So of course I said no more on that scoreand lay there for hours trying to decide whether that front pattern and the back pattern really did move together (Gilman 456). Bottling up her feelings and thoughts only increases her problems, and her mind grows even more unstable. Gilbe rt and Gubar affirm this notion, writing that As time passes, this figure concealed behind what corresponds to the faade of the patriarchal text becomes clearerthe wallpaper becomes bars![and] the narrator sinks more deeply into what the world calls madness (465). In this manner, Gilman demonstrates how the narrators environment hastens her deterioration.The eventual breakdown of the narrators mental state into total insanity allows for her ultimate release. Her insanity replaces the conventions of male domination with a new form of reality. The hallucinations created by the narrators illness foreshadow a sense of freedom. The woman behind the wallpaper possesses far more freedom than the author: I have watched her sometimes away off in the open country, creeping as fast as a cloud shadow in a high wind (Gilman 459). The woman has the freedom to travel outside, in the open country a space with no restrictions. She includes sky imagery such as a cloud in a high wind, images th at are typically associated with freedom. In a perverse way, the narrator glorifies her hallucinations and, more importantly, her very insanity. Gilbert and Gubar concur: More significant are the madwomans won imaginings and creations, mirages of health and freedom with which her author endows her like a fairy godmother showering fold on a sleeping heroine (466). Additionally, the shift in Johns behavior at the end of the story, when he faints in response to the narrators behavior, reveals a role reversal. The male has become weaker and is divested of power, while the female is set free. The narrator even scoffs at her husbands feminine reaction to her power, recalling Johns attitude at the beginning of the story. Gilbert and Gubar add, Doctor Johnhas been defeated[in] Johns unmasculine swoon of surprise (465). Gilbert and Gubar see this moment as a defeat not only for John, but for all men. The narrators insanity not only shows the inefficacy of the Rest Cure, but demonstra tes how the disease can, paradoxically, have a momentous outcome.The shifts throughout The Yellow Wallpaper illustrate the detrimental effects of feminine subordination. Furthermore, they reveal the consequences of male domination, which may in some cases alter the standards of a patriarchal society. In fact, the narrator in Gilmans story accomplishes just this: she is able to effect change in her own society. She has the most success in the case of her former doctor, Silas Weir Mitchell, effectively altering his treatment of nervous prostration (Gilbert 466). In response to this, the narrator famously declares, If that is a fact, then I have not lived in vain (466).WORKS CITEDGilbert, Sandra M., and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. Kirszner and Mandell 464-66.Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Yellow Wallpaper. Kirszner and Mandell 450-61.Lane, Ann. To Herland and Beyond: The Life and Works of Charlotte P erkins Gilman. Kirszner and Mandell 466-70.Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell. Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. 5th ed. Boston: Heinle, 2004.